What term describes an intentional or unintentional private, civil, non-contractual wrong for which legal action may be sought?

The term that describes an intentional or unintentional private, civil, non-contractual wrong for which legal action may be sought is "tort." A tort can occur when one party's actions cause harm to another, leading to potential liability in a civil court. Torts encompass a wide range of wrongs, including negligence, defamation, and intentional infliction of emotional distress, among others.

In the context of civil law, the purpose of tort law is to provide a remedy for the injured party, which often involves monetary compensation for damages suffered. Understanding torts is crucial for anyone involved in legal or insurance fields, as they form a key aspect of civil liability and personal injury claims.

Other options refer to concepts that do not fit the definition provided in the question. A contract pertains specifically to agreements between parties and does not encompass non-contractual wrongs. Civil wrong, while it seems similar, lacks the specific legal definition understood in the context of tort law. Liability, on the other hand, refers more broadly to the responsibility for damages or injury and is a result of committing a tort but does not define the action itself.